![]() ![]() ![]() 2022).Ĭlinically, sepsis is characterized by a simultaneous hyperinflammatory and anti-inflammatory response, which contribute to the deregulation of the patient’s immune system ( Nakamori et al. Specifically, the latest epidemiologic studies estimate almost 50 million cases of sepsis worldwide and up to 10 million deaths every year ( Rudd et al. Sepsis is the leading cause of mortality in the intensive care units (ICU) ( Angus et al. Sepsis is a life-threatening condition caused by an abnormal host response to an infection that produces altered physiological responses damaging patients’ own tissues and results in organ dysfunction and death ( Singer et al. ![]() ![]() Recent studies evaluating several antioxidants are promising, but further trials are needed to confirm their potential role as agents to block NLRP3 and mitigate the exacerbated inflammasome-related responses during sepsis. So, it is of special relevance to clarify how oxidative stress and antioxidants can modulate pyroptosis signals and therefore decrease the deleterious effects that both oxidative stress and pyroptosis-related cytokines can induce in the tissues during sepsis. One of the most relevant mediators of pyroptosis is the NLRP3 inflammasome, and the oxidative stress/NLRP3 signaling pathway is one of the main upstream signals involved in its activation. Recent evidence suggests that pyroptosis is required for defense against bacterial infection, and it is active in several cell types during sepsis. Even though sepsis pathogenesis remains obscure due to its heterogenicity and complexity, there is increasing evidence that oxidants and antioxidants play a key role in its onset and progression. Oxidative stress is an important contributor to sepsis and one of the most important causes of death in intensive care units. ![]()
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